Your quick-start guide

there's no dose on a treat, but there is a sensible ceiling — and liver is rich enough that it's worth knowing where it sits.

these are freeze-dried, so they're light — a bite averages about 0.4 g, and the pouch runs roughly 108 kcal per ounce. in practice that means a lot of bites before you get anywhere near the ceiling, which is exactly what makes them good for training.

• Small dogs. a handful across a day is plenty. break bites in half for training — the reward is the moment, not the size.
• Medium and large dogs. a training session's worth plus a few through the day sits comfortably inside the ten percent.
• Rich, not dangerous. the usual result of a whole pouch in one sitting is a soft stool the next morning. it's not an emergency, but it's a wasted pouch and an unhappy dog.
• Count them into the day, not on top of it. if you're doing a long training session, take a little off dinner. that one habit is the difference between a treat and a weight problem.

keep the pouch somewhere they can't reach. a resealable pouch is no match for a determined dog, and 280 bites in one sitting is a bad evening for everyone.

we made these for the first one and then discovered most people use all three.

• As the high-value reward. the one they'll work for. save these for the things that are genuinely hard — recall away from a distraction, a nail trim, the vet's waiting room. a treat your dog gets all day isn't high value; a treat that only appears for the difficult stuff is. break them small so you can give a lot of them without a lot of calories.
• As a food topper for a picky eater. crumble two or three over dinner. it smells like the thing they actually want and it turns a bowl they've been ignoring into one they'll finish — which matters more than it sounds, because a dog eating two-thirds of dinner is getting two-thirds of the nutrition.
• As the travel treat. freeze-dried means shelf-stable, no fridge, no grease and no smell in a bag. car, crate, holiday, a friend's house — they keep.

liver is nutrient-dense and rich. for most dogs that's the appeal; for a sensitive one it's worth easing in.

• Start with one or two a day for a few days, then build up. they break easily, so you can start smaller than one whole bite if you want to.
• Watch the stool for the first week. a bit softer on day one and back to normal by day three is an adjustment. still soft after a week means back off the amount.
• Don't introduce them the same week as a new food. change one thing at a time or you'll never know which one did what.
• If loose stool and gas are a general theme — not just a treat reaction — that's a gut balance question rather than a treat question. our Probiotic chews are built for exactly that, and there's a full guide for them.

single-ingredient is genuinely useful here: if your dog reacts, there is exactly one thing it could be, which is more than you can say for most treats. worth knowing if you're working through an elimination diet with your vet.

freeze-drying removes the moisture, which is what makes these shelf-stable without preservatives. it also means the enemy is moisture getting back in.

• Press the air out and seal it properly every time. the resealable strip does the job if you actually use it.
• Cupboard, not fridge. a fridge is a humid box — it'll soften them. cool, dry and out of direct sun.
• Dry hands, or tip them out. damp fingers in the pouch is the fastest way to spoil what's left.
• A soft or chewy bite means moisture has got in. they should snap. if a pouch has gone soft on you, tell us — that's a replacement, not a lost cause.

keep the pouch out of reach for the obvious reason, and because a determined dog will get through a resealable pouch faster than you'd think.

beef liver. that's the ingredient list — the whole thing.

• 100% pasture-raised, USDA-inspected beef liver. no binders, no "natural flavor", no glycerin, no preservatives, no mixed meats.
• 60% crude protein, 4% crude fat. that's what liver is — one of the most nutrient-dense things you can hand a dog.
• Freeze-dried, not baked. the moisture comes out at low temperature, so you keep the raw nutrition and the smell dogs respond to, without needing a fridge.
• ~280 bites in a 4 oz pouch. more than it looks like, because they're light.